SO, YOU THINK YOU DON'T LIVE IN A COMMUNIST COUNTRY?Communist use of psychiatric hospitals as political repressionhttp://en.metapedia.org/wiki/Communist_use_of_psychiatric_hospitals_as_political_repressionCommunist use of psychiatric hospitals as political repression, also called psycho-camps (in Chinese ankang, in Russian psyhushka), were psychiatric hospitals and insane asylums misused for "correcting" i.e. re-programming the minds of political dissidents (almost academic intellectuals), under the various communist tyrannies, particularly the Soviet Union. Since the collapse of communism, in recent Russia these institutions were partly closed or mostly returned to a genuine medical use of psychiatric hospitals. This practice also took place in China, Romania and Yugoslavia. Since the official end of the communist tyranny, some countries who were previously enslaved under the system, partly inherited and continued these practicsed up to the present day. This ideological misuse of psychiatry continued chiefly in Turkmenistan and Ukraine, and in ex-Yugoslavia chiefly in Croatia, and partly in Serbia.
“ Among the KGB’s innovations during the Cold War was the punitive use of psychiatry against ideological subversion. The KGB recruited a series of psychiatrists at the Serbsky Institute for Forensic Psychiatry and other institutes who were instructed to diagnose political dissidents as cases of "paranoiac schizophrenia," thus condemning them to indefinite incarceration in mental hospitals where they could be drugged and tranquilized. ”
—Christopher M. Andrew, 1999, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB.
Justly the same KGB pattern even now in 21st century is repeated amid Europe from 2011, in the new Red Croatia when the Neo-Communists in last year returned on power there, and within their 'Red reconquest' was also the psychiatry. Thus in the largest Psychiatric clinic Vrapce (at Zagreb capital), some main medicinal rectors recently are the agents of Red police, and its capacity is justly enlarging to receive many additional "political madmen" i.e. the rightists and nationalists.
Contents [hide]
1 The main Psycho-Lagers in Eurasia
2 Chinese practice (ankang)
3 Operating techniques
4 Recent Croatian Psycho-Lagers
4.1 Vrapce Psycho-Lager at Zagreb
4.2 Kampor Psycho-Lager in Rab isle
5 Literature
6 External links
7 See Also
8 Reference
The main Psycho-Lagers in Eurasia
Psycho-Lagers are a sophisticated modern variant of classical Konz-Lagers, actually almost misused by different leftist regimes including also the liberal-leftists, against their rightist and nationalist adversaries. While the classical Konz-Lagers had their maximal use in WWII and in post-war Siberia (Gulag etc.), and in Yugoslavia (Goli Otok), their modernized variant of leftist Psycho-Lagers actually reached their maximal use in the beginning of 21st century, within the New Age of total Orwellian control supported both by the political domination interests of leftists and by economical interests of pharmaceutical business. The modern dissidents and nationalists in these Psycho-Lagers are almost not tortured physically, but they are dopinged there by toxic psycho-pharmaka to change and erase their personalities, and to forget their 'deviating' ideas opposed to recent 'political correctness' of the ruling liberal-leftists. The main operating organizer of Soviet psycho-lagers was the chief of secret political police, L.P. Beria. Their first major and most terrible-psycho lager in Stalin's times had been the Kazan psychushka, and then the largest one became the main madhouse Serbsky Institute in Moscow.
In the western coutries with longer democratic traditions, such directly enforced psycho-treatments of undesirable dissidents are a rare sporadical phenomenon, and similar problems there are mostly treated by more sophisticated brainwashing through controlled media. On the other hand, in eastern ex-communist countries with scarce democratic traditions, the new liberal-leftists coming on power resulted by more frequent enforcing of their adversaries, dissidents, and right nationalists to be imprisoned in Psycho-Lagers for a direct chemical erasing of their minds, and to eliminate their national-rightist ideas by toxic psycho-pharmaka. By such Psycho-Lagers and numerous political 'madmen', the leading actual site in world occupies People's Republic of China, and in modern Europe the leading countries by Psycho-Lagers and by political 'madmen' imprisoned are Turkey, then Ukraine and Croatia. In modern Russia this problem is more moderate than in these countries, and at least one can there now write about that.
These ideological Psycho-Lagers are now only formally declared as psychiatric "hospitals"; at least partly they are really misused against intellectuals for punishing and torturing the political dissidents and right nationalists that publicly opposed to the modern bifacial 'political correctness' of liberal leftists, now imposed almost everywhere in Croatia and other ex-Yugoslav countries, also in Ukraine, etc. So especially in China, Turkmenistan and Croatia recently developed the powerful organized psycho-maffia linked with politics and economy as a supreme social police: Any undesirable ideological and religious dissidents, political competitors before elections, and even economical competitors in business are deliberately thrown in madhouses there.
Chinese practice (ankang)
The most inmates of the ankang network of psychiatric detention are genuine mentally-disturbed individuals who have committed serious criminal offenses as murder, rape, arson, etc. Official Chinese documents on the role and purposes of the 'ankang' system make it evidently clear that certain peaceful political offenders are also ranked among the most 'dangerous' and 'politically threatening' of China's mentally-ill criminal population, and are likewise destined for long-term psychiatric incarceration within this system. Their most complete definition appears in the official encyclopaedia of police work, China Encyclopaedia of Public Security (1990). This encyclopaedia starts by explaining the three main types of people who are to be taken into police psychiatric custody (ankang), including in China 25 Psycho-Camps with about 3,000 political prisoners. Upon encountering any of these types of people, the public security organs are to take them into custody for treatment:
The first are those commonly known as 'romantic maniacs' (hua fengzi), who roam around the streets, grab food and drink from others, expose themselves naked, or look unkempt and disheveled, and so have an adverse effect on social decorum.
The second are those commonly known as 'political maniacs' (zhengzhi fengzi), who shout reactionary slogans, write reactionary banners and reactionary letters, make anti-government speeches in public, and express opinions on important domestic and international affairs.
The third are those commonly known as 'aggressive maniacs' (wu fengzi), who beat and curse people, pursue women, elderly people and children, smash up public property, commit murder or arson, or who otherwise endanger people's lives and the safety of property.
Operating techniques
The initial selecting of potential dissident candidates for Psycho-Lagers is made mostly by a secret political police, e.g. in the countries descending from ex-Yugoslavia this was the disreputable UDBA, and in countries from ex-USSR it was the followers of former KGB. By Yugoslavia's disaster, UDBA's activity was diminished and partly stopped; however it was then not completetly eliminated but only freezed, and then in the beginbning of 21st century some liberal-leftists coming on power in descending countries, widely reactivated UDBA's national fractions as experienced guardians to protect the new 'political correctness', especially in Croatia, Serbia and Bosnia. A similar reactivating of former fractions from Soviet KGB recently occured also in Ukraine and other descendants of USSR to protect the new 'political correctness' there. Indeed in Croatia and other ex-Yugoslav countries (except the democratized Slovenia), the new liberal-leftist regimes imposed even a special bifacial law for the "Protection of persons with psychic problems", really permitting in practice a secret sentencing of dissidents and nationalists to forced changes of their mind in Psycho-Lagers.
These experienced UDBA's or KGB's agents following the ancient communist dossiers and the recent public activity of potential candidates, completed by the illegal wiretapping of phones and e-mails, as the regenerated secret police now provisionally condemn the selected candidates to be closed in a Psycho-Lager. If the related dissident candidate is not very known in media, he is then silently processed directly to the Psycho-Lager. For other more known right dissidents, some liberal-leftist media firstly launch a stigmatizing campaign that this one became mad, and soon on scene enter the official 'soul-pastors' i.e. a registered psycho-expert payed by regime, declaring this dissident person to be 'always bizarre' in his ideas conflicting with the mainstream opinions, and tending to schizophrenia or somewhat similar. Then suddenly come an armed troop of regular police, kidnap by force this stigmatized dissident, and transport them for the enforced treatment into the related Psycho-Lager.
In these Psycho-Lagers often operate 3 main sorts of negative staff:
Sadistic torturers by their nature, maltreating all patients, but needing alone a psychiatric treatment.
Rational experimentators working for companies by testing on any patients the new unverified psycho-drugs for profit.
Ideological "psychiatrists" chiefly in eastern ex-communist countries, torturing the sane religious and political prisoners for falsified "psychic illness".
Recent Croatian Psycho-Lagers
Actually, such Psycho-Lagers misusing psychiatry for punishing ideological and political dissidents are the most developed in mainland China. In the communist ex-Yugoslavia during Tito's regime, similar psycho-lagers were partly copied from USSR, but their misuse was rather restricted and after Tito's death, these ones mostly returned to their regular medical use as true psychiatric hospitals. Then since the death of independent Croatia's founder F. Tudjman, during the last decade there increased the modern liberal-leftist demo(n)cracy, resulting anew by the increasing misuse of psychiatric hospitals and regeneration of two major Yugoslavian Psycho-Lagers there: Kampor and Vrapce. Now in Croatia about 1/5 of false 'patients' in these Psycho-Camps are the sentenced 'ideological madmen' i.e. the political dissidents and right nationalists, including e.g. certain jurists criticizing the recent Croatian president, and also some young people whose destiny was destroyed there solely for inscribed wall graffiti with a nationalist or rightist content.
Recently from 2011, the Neo-Communists returned on power there, and this new 'Red Croatia' (official epithet) now is really the most red-leftist country in the entire Europe; thus also the misuses of psychiatry lastly even worsened there. Now with a galloping neo-communist reconquest in Croatia, nearly all rightists and nationalists are now rejected from any public positions, and someones even cofined in madhouses. In modern Croatia the next two major Psycho-Lagers became very active for imposing the red-leftist 'political correctness' by toxic psycho-pharmaka and for erasing any dissident personalities:
Vrapce Psycho-Lager at Zagreb
Vrapce Psycho-Lager at Zagreb city: This was the oldest and largest psychiatric hospital in Croatia and ex-Yugoslavia, dating two centuries ago. During Tito's regime in communist Yugoslavia, its buildings were partly misused also for punishing the dissident anti-communist intellectuals; that almost ceased after Tito's death, in 1980ies and 1990ies. Then in the actual decade with coming on power the liberal-leftists in Croatia and elsewhere, its misuse as a Psycho-Lager for sentencing and changing the political dissidents and right nationalists regenerated and increased up today. It is now mostly comparable to the main Soviet psycho-prisons of Serbsky Institute in Moscow.
Kampor Psycho-Lager in Rab isle
Kampor Psycho-Lager in Rab island, northeastern Adriatic Sea: It was founded during WW2, initially as an usual Konzentration camp of Italian fascists then ruling there. Since the WW2, it was not completely closed; it became reorganized from 1950ies as a psychiatric hospital but shortly during Tito's regime it partly deviated to anti-dissident Psycho-Camp. After Tito's death up to 1990ies it returned to a regular use of psychiatric hospital; then after Tudjman's death from 1999, with the new liberal-leftist regime on power, it was anew deviating to a major Psycho-Camp for intoxicating and changing political dissidents up today. Its special torturing department called 'PAIS' is reserved for such stigmatized inmates. This is the strongest and best fortified impenetrable Psycho-Lager in Europe; it is now almost similar to the former worsest Soviet psychushka of Kazan.
Literature
C.J Brown & A.M. Lago 1993: Different forms of the abuse of Psychiatry. Journal of Medicine & Philosophy 18: 423-426.
J.L. Birley 2000: Political abuse of psychiatry. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Supplementum 399: 13–15. PMID 10794019
Robert van Voren 2010: Political abuse of Psychiatry; an historical overview. Schizophrenia Bulletin 36/1: 33–35, Oxford Univ. Press. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp119. PMC 2800147. PMID 19892821
Robert van Voren, 2002: Comparing Soviet and Chinese political psychiatry. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 30/1: 131–135. PMID 11931361
Robert van Voren & Sidney Bloch 1989: Soviet psychiatric abuse in the Gorbachev era. International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry. ISBN 9072657012.
Sidney Bloch & Peter Reddaway 1984: Soviet Psychiatric Abuse; the shadow over World psychiatry. Victor Gollancz, London.
Nanci Adler & al. 1993: Psychiatry under tyranny, a report on the political abuse of Romanian psychiatry during the Ceausescu years. Current Psychology 12 (1): 3–17. doi:10.1007/BF02737088. PMID 11652327
Robin Munro 2002: Dangerous minds; political psychiatry in China today and its origins in the Mao era. Human Rights Watch. ISBN 1564322785
Appelbaum, P.S. 2001: Abuses of law and psychiatry in China. Psychiatric Services 52: 1297-1298, American Psychiatric Association.
Sidney Bloch & Peter Reddaway 1977: Psychiatric terror, how Soviet psychiatry is used to suppress dissent. Basic Books. pp. 235, 328. ISBN 0465064884
Sidney Bloch 1978: Psychiatry as ideology in the USSR. J. Med. Ethics 4: 126-131.
Sidney Bloch 1980: The Political Misuse of Soviet Psychiatry. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 14/2: 109-114.
Bloch, S.& Reddaway, P. 1977: Russia's political hospitals; the abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union. Gollancz,. 510 p., London; ISBN 057502318
Bloch, S.& Reddaway, P. 1984: Soviet psychiatric abuse; The shadow over World psychiatry. Victor Gollancz, London.
Cohen, D. 1992: Uses and abuses of Soviet psychiatry. New Scientist no. 1839.
Harvey Fireside 1982: Soviet Psychoprisons. W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0393000656.
http://books.google.com/books?id=5HsrHQAACAAJ.
Gittings, J. 2002: China sending dissidents to mental hospitals. The Guardian, August 13, 2002.
Semyon Gluzman 1989: On Soviet totalitarian psychiatry. International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry. ISBN 9072657020.
Hausman, K. 2004: Chinese Psychiatrists agree on Psychiatry Abuse charges. Psychiatric News 39/15: p. 2, American Psychiatric Association.
Koryagin, A. 1989: The involvement of Soviet psychiatry in the persecution of dissenters. British Journal of Psychiatry 154: 336-340.
Sidney Levine 1981: The Special Committee on the Political Abuse of Psychiatry. Psychiatric Bulletin 5/5: 94–95. doi:10.1192/pb.5.5.94
Žores Medvedev & Roi Medvedev 1971: Repression by Psychiatry in the Soviet Union (A Question of Madness). Macmillan.
Derek Richter 1971: Political Dissenters in Mental Hospitals. British Journal of Psychiatry 119/549: 225–226.
Theresa Smith & Thomas Oleszczuk 1996: State Psychiatric Repression in the Former USSR. New York University Press. ISBN 081478061X.
External links
Political Dissenters in Mental Hospitals
Repression by Psychiatry in the Soviet Union
Soviet totalitarian psychiatry
State Psychiatric Repression in the Former USSR
How Soviet psychiatry is used to suppress dissent
Chinese Ankang system of psychiatric camps for dissidents
Guardian: On the psychiatry abuse in Chinese ankangs
Prof.em. Thomas Szasz, a critical psychiatrist
Critical Psychiatry Website
The dark side of Psychiatry
The Anti-Psychiatry Coalition
See Also
Brainwashing
Croatia
Russia
China
Political correctness
Konz-Lagers of Yugoslavia
Neo-communist Red Croatia
Reference
