Birds/Fish Die-Off: Chemtrails, Avian Vacuolar Myelinopathy, VX, Corexit...

[LibertyPrevails]

Mainstream Media to Begin Bird Flu Scare Regarding Bird & Fish Deaths

With countless fish and bird deaths mounting across the globe, the reason for their death is still mostly unknown. While it could be anything from government testing to some form of disease, the mainstream media may soon start declaring that it may be the result a bird flu epidemic. With the New York Times reporting that Japan is on high alert regarding the possibility of an outbreak, it seems that the media may have already begun hyping a new ‘bird flu epidemic’ that mirrors the fabricated swine flu ‘pandemic’.

Full story: http://shatterlimits.com/bird-and-fish-deaths-bird-flu-scare/

[phasma]

LOL. Bird flu doesnt cause mass instantaneous deaths!

I just had a though though . . .

There was a biggish tornado in arkansas  right?

Is it possinle these birds were "sucked in " damaged by inter tornadic wind / debris / hair and then blown out the top where they fell some distance away?

cant account for the other cities - any more weird out of season tornadoes near the other site?

[citizenx]

Tornado was earlier on Fri. in another part of the state. Unlikely.

Was it HAARP casued -- unseasonal.

Could that be the connection?

[phasma]

Maybe. lets see what haarp was doing . . .



well, it was "on"

[carlee]

http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&msa=0&msid=201817256339889828327.0004991bca25af104a22b&ll=28.921631    up to date map of of die-offs on a Google map Mass die-offs going on World wide

[phasma]

Thanks Carlee !

[citizenx]

Looks like HAARP was realtively quite around 10 p.m., but I don't know.

[number777]

maybe mother earth is pushing back... That would just be the best.. And carlee thanks for the link , Lots of flags... and interesting to say the least.

[phasma]

Its not just haarp though = there is that HUGE new haarp 2 in new mexico i posted about the other day - the fairbanks array may also be suspect. They dont say much about the array at poker flat which is why i think it is more likely to be something bad.

Like look at haarp over here with its shiny website. . .

never mind about the other array of larger size over there . . .

[citizenx]

Supposedly, there is another HAARP or HAARP-like facility on the Mo.-Ark. bordere, but I am not sure about that.

[phasma]

Not sure about that one CX, I know they new thing in new mexico is HUGE.

They plan 52 arrays,

So far they have finished 3 sites. They play with it and haarp bouncing signals back n forth off the moon !

[donnay]

Bird deaths: Did NWS Radar Capture Startled Flock?



Weather radar in Little Rock, Ark. may have captured an image of a flock of birds as they rose from nighttime roosts near Beebe, Ark. on New Year's Eve. Thousands of redwing blackbirds were later found dead on the ground nearby.

Such radar images of bird flocks are not unusual. Weather radar sites near the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland and Delaware sometimes capture the radar reflections of flocks of birds as they rise into the sky at sunrise on summer mornings.

Last night, Steve Zubrick, the science officer out at the National Weather Service forecast office in Sterling, Virginia, sent me a link to a radar image recorded beginning at 10:21 p.m. Central Time in Little Rock. That's about a half hour before reports began coming in about dead birds falling from the sky in Beebe.

The loop shows rainstorms moving away to the north and east of the radar. But at a spot about 25 nautical miles northeast of the radar, an unusual reflection appears, expands and moves off to the southeast with the prevailing winds. It's the green blob on the still radar image above.

"Could these returns be birds disturbed from the nightly roosting sites?" Steve asks.

"Given what was on radar...just a few light showers moving NE and examination of surface obs within 30nm of this area showed nothing unusual (no high wind gusts, eg). There were a few positive lightning strikes about 50-55 nautical miles to the SE over Arkansas County around 0430 UTC. Positive lightning strikes carry much more current then negative strikes...and have a much bigger "boom" then negative strikes. Still, they were located 55 miles away...although it would not be entirely impossible other lightning (non-cloud-to-ground) could have occurred.

"But I don't have any data that could show that (i.e., there is no lightning detection network that I know of in that area that would pick up the "total" lightning (e.g., within cloud or cloud-to-air)

"I'd say there is not a meteorological explanation. Exploding fireworks sounds like the most plausible...given the time of year...New Year's Eve...and that many folks like to shoot off fireworks to celebrate the New Year."

Read more...

[citizenx]

The "unusual green blob" in the radar picture interests me.

[ssmlr3]

I am a Jedi Puppet:  Move along, nothing to see here!!!

[phasma]

Me too. Does not look like a storm or a cloud or a flock :S

[ssmlr3]

That would be a massive amount of birds to do that.  More than just a thousand or so.  Your talking close to a million.  If you notice it shows density of them by the different shades.  You are also talking alot of fireworks.  not just some joe blow down the street shooting some off.  Could it? yes. was it? most likely not!

[LibertyPrevails]

LOL. Bird flu doesnt cause mass instantaneous deaths!

I just had a though though . . .

There was a biggish tornado in arkansas  right?

Is it possinle these birds were "sucked in " damaged by inter tornadic wind / debris / hair and then blown out the top where they fell some distance away?

cant account for the other cities - any more weird out of season tornadoes near the other site?

I agree with you, the article I wrote, however, was about how the mainstream media is pushing the idea and inciting rumors.

[Kilika]

Depends on the scale of those rings. From what I can read, it looks like it says those rings are 10nm, ring to ring, so that would make that green blob about 7-8 miles across. That wouldn't be birds of any type that I know if. It does appear to have a concentration point at the top left corner though which seems strange.

[citizenx]

+1 on approx. size of "blob".  Miles across.

[Letsbereal]

January 2, 2010 – A. C. Griffith, Chemtrails http://radioamerikanow.com/?p=873

27.5 trillion of multi-national Cold War funds diverted through Federal Reserve to Bush family, GS, JPM and others. Here’s the court documents:
http://talkingpoints4radio.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/wanta.pdf

[Celebrome]

In Quebec, Canada they are already trying to blame all those death on Global warming..........

[citizenx]

Sudden temp. change doesn't explain trauma to breast tissue.  Likewise, unlikely they were all taken out simultaneously by updraft/high altitude hail -- epecially unlikely similar phenomenon took out birds around the globally at this point.

Global psyop (very real phenomena) possibly created by a vast panoply of technologies.  To fake global "disclosure"? (Or reinforce "climate change/global warming" psyop.)

Circles on radar picture are 10 nautical miles apart, so "blob" is miles across as Leo says.

Blob drifted with prevailing winds does not necessarily suggest bird flock either.  Birds wouldn't necessarily be following prevailing winds.  Is this a meteorological effect (whether natural or man-made?)  Still doesn't explain regular trauma to birds. 

[Kilika]

Alright, this is starting to look very questionable...They claim fireworks in this deal too, and powerlines in LA? We definately have entered the twilight zone.


http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110105/ap_on_re_eu/eu_sweden_dead_birds

Dozens of jackdaws found dead in Sweden

AP – Wed Jan 5, 7:49 am ET


STOCKHOLM – Officials say about 50 birds have been found dead on a street in Sweden.

Veterinarian Robert ter Horst says the cause of jackdaws' deaths was unclear but that fireworks were set off near the scene Tuesday night.

The birds were found dead on Wednesday.

Ter Horst says cold weather, difficulties finding food and possible shock from the fireworks could be responsible, leading to the stressed birds either dying from the stress or being run over by vehicles.

Five of the dead jackdaws found in the city of Falkoping were being tested.

Mass bird deaths aren't uncommon.

In the U.S., New Year's Eve fireworks were blamed in Arkansas for killing thousands of blackbirds, and a few days later power lines likely killed about 450 birds in Louisiana.

[GH0STMASTER]

This is my hypothesis about what may be going on.  It may not be as scientific.  But it may shed some light on some different reasons for the dead fish and birds.

The bird carcasses were lying with many clumped in groups, some face down, some with wings outstretched. Please note: underlying disease, starvation and cold fronts where birds can’t get their body heat up' have caused similar occurrences 'in various species over the years'.

However...Residents heard loud fireworks just before the birds started hitting the ground.'They started going crazy, flying into one another,' Mr. Stephens said. The birds apparently also hit homes, trees and other objects, and some could have been killed by flying hard into the ground.'The blackbirds were flying at rooftop level instead of treetop level' to avoid explosions above, said Karen Rowe, an ornithologist with the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission.'Blackbirds have poor eyesight and they started colliding with things.'500 birds plummeted to the ground 360 miles away in Louisiana on Monday and dozens more died in Kentucky. This can't be blamed on fireworks. Also of note is the fact that in times past we never saw birds fall from the sky  like this during fireworks. If this had of been so, rules or a guideline would of been put in place so that it would never of happened again long ago.  Your talking thousands of birds not a few. Your also having this occur in many places, not in just one remote place.usa photo showing areas affected:
http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/01/04/article-1343962-0CA54208000005DC-191_634x405.jpg





Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1343962/More-birds-fall-Kentucky-Louisiana-dead-fish-wash-ashore.html#ixzz1ACClF1Ek


If that is not enough to scare you....

Arkansas:
Town Puzzled after Dead Birds Fall from the Sky
State commission says dead fish now cover 20-mile section of Arkansas River

Louisiana:
Mass Louisiana bird deaths puzzle investigators

Manitoba, Canada:
10 of 1000's of dead birds are found in Manitoba Canada

Kentucky:
More Dead Birds Found In Kentucky Identical To Birds in Arkansas Media Downplays Find
Woman reports dozens of dead birds in her yard

Japan:
Japan Is on High Alert as a Virus Infiltrates Bird-Heavy Regions

South Korea:
Dead Teal Ducks With Bird Flu Strain Found In South Korea

Chile:
Thousands of Birds fall from the sky in South America

Kaziranga, India:
Bird Flu Scare in Kaziranga, Birds Found Dead

Australia - has been dealing with this problem for three weeks now 1,000's of dead birds wattle birds, yellow-throated miners, new holland honeyeaters and singing honeyeaters, although some dead crows, hawks and pigeons The Department of Agriculture and Food, which conducted the autopsies, has almost ruled out an infectious process. Acting chief veterinary officer Fiona Sunderman said toxins were the most likely cause but the deaths could be due to anything from toxic algae to chemicals and pesticides.Sunderman said there were no leads yet on which of potentially hundreds of toxins might be responsible. Some birds were seen convulsing as they died.
Read more: http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,242844,00.html
 
Older:
California:
Hundreds Of Birds Found Dead At Local Reservoir

Texas:
Hundreds of birds found dead on island beaches

Tasmania:
Birds perish after marathon migration

Ukraine:
1,500 birds found dead in Ukraine

Indiana:
Dozens of Dead Birds Found in Ripley County Neighborhood

Other areas some confirmed other's not:

Germany
QTY 53
Type : Buzzards
Suspected Cause: Poisoning
Actual Cause : Unknown
Links:
[link to theintelhub.com]

Japan
QTY < 30
Type : Various (Mainly Swan/Heron)
Suspected Cause : Bird Flu
Actual: Unknown
Links :
[link to www.upi.com]

[link to www.nytimes.com]


Canada 10,000+ birds in Manitoba (Unconfirmed but note at the time of the report news media stormed the area affected, and the Canadian Gov threw them out before they could document the dead birds)





DEAD FISH

Arkansas > 100,000
Type Drum
Suspected Cause
Actual Cause Unknown
Links:
[link to www.todaysthv.com]


Maryland
> 10,000
Type Menhayden, spots and croakers/various
Suspected Cause Cold Stress
Actual Cause : Unknown
Links:
[link to www.wbaltv.com]

South Wales (UK)
QTY>~ 100's
Type : Various Carp/Bream/Other
Suspected Cause Cold Weather
Actual Cause Unknown
Links:
[link to www.bymnews.com]


Brazil
QTY: ~Millions (100 tons)
Type Sardines
Suspected cause :Unknown
Actual Cause : Unknown
Links:
[link to freerepublic.com]
[link to www.parana-online.com.br]

Italy (Scarlino)
QTY 100,000s
Type, Clams/Small fish/Shellfish/Crabs/Flatfish
Suspected Cause : Pollution
Actual Cause : Unknown
Links :
[link to corrierefiorentino.corriere.it]

http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/7798547-video-500-more-birds-drop-dead-from-us-skies-a-case-of-mass-suicide

http://www.preparingforthefuture.org/list-of-dying-animals-all-over-the-world-t10818.html
Up to 100,000 dead and dying drum fish washed up along a 20-mile stretch of the Arkansas River, about 100 miles west of Beebe. Wildlife officials say the fish deaths are not related to the dead birds, and that because mainly one species of fish was affected, it is likely they were stricken by an illness. Had it been an environmental cause, other kinds of fish would be dead, too. A little further north the Maryland Department of the Environment said that tens of thousands of small fish have died in the Chesapeake Bay.


Mother nature can be vicious too


On December 25th 2010   500 earthquakes were reported in Arkansas since September 20th  the report is here: http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1971244/odd_earthquakes_not_letting_up_in_central_arkansas/
According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), most were hardly noticeable but one stood out prominently when it hit the Richter scale at a 4.0 on October 11 2010.
"In the New Madrid Seismic Zone there's approximately 200 per year, so if we had that many in Central Arkansas in less than a month, something is going on," Dr. Horton told CNN's Sarah Hoye.

The problem is that part of central Arkansas isn't even part of the New Madrid Fault Zone, so researchers are trying to figure out what's causing all those earthquakes.

What many do not know is that the largest earthquake along the New Madrid Fault was a 7.7 magnitude in 1811. This earthquake was felt ALL OVER the southeast as well as the general area of the quake. If that same quake were to happen today thousands, if not millions could be missed placed, and killed.  This area now is located in a high population zone unlike the earthquake of 1811 where the population was scarce.   

Animals and earthquakes?

I can not find on the New Madrid Fault research done on population of birds, cats, dogs, foul before, during or right after the 1811 quake.  However...

During November of 1996 a telephone survey of 200 Santa Cruz County households was carried out in North-West California to find out how many people have observed unusual animal behavior prior to an earthquake.  The majority of respondents were referring to the October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, which was centered several miles north of the city of Santa Cruz. One person referred to the January 17, 1994 Northridge earthquake. This is significant because places all over the world today do observe and note animal behavior right before a earthquake.  For example, on February 4, 1975 the Chinese evacuated the city of Haicheng several hours before a 7.3 magnitude earthquake largely on the basis of unusual animal behavior observations (Allen, 1976). In 373 B.C., historians recorded that animals, including rats, snakes and weasels, deserted the Greek city of Helice in droves just days before a quake devastated the place. Researchers found that almost all of the earthquakes down to a depth of about 35km were preceded by distinct electrical disturbances in the ionosphere. Minoru and his father Friedemann Freund,  from Nasa Ames Research Center, developed the scientific theory behind these earthquake precursors. It boils down to the idea that when rocks are compressed - as when tectonic plates shift - they act like batteries, producing electric currents.  Perhaps this is how animals know a earthquake is coming? For example, recent studies suggest that some birds and fish are more sensitive than humans to sounds with frequencies below 40 Hz, and many animals are exceptionally good at perceiving low-frequency vibrations through their skin. Certain fish are sensitive to electric field changes as small as 10-5 V/m, and some laboratory mammals also respond to significantly weaker fields than humans. For these electric and acoustic stimuli the reported levels of geophysical precursors are within the reported perceptible range of some animals which show unusual behavior prior to earthquakes. In addition, stimuli caused by the release of gases from small cracks may well be perceived by some animals before earthquakes. Recent research has confirmed the remarkable olfactory sensitivity of some animal species, but no quantitative comparisons with geochemical precursors can be made yet.

http://deprem.itu.edu.tr/Animal_Behavior.htm

The following descriptions and adjectives were used to describe the animal's unusual pre-earthquake behavior for Santa Cruz County:

barking repeatedly : (won't stop, and for no apparent reason): 7 times with dogs.
appeared frightened or scared : 4 times with dogs. 2 times with cats.
was running around : 4 times with dogs. 1 time with a cat. 1 time with cows.
hiding or trying to hide : 3 times with dogs. 2 times with cats.
nervous ' : 1 time with wild birds. 1 time with pet bird. I time with dog.
missing or disappeared : 1 time with a dog. I time with a cat.
ran away_: 1 time with a dog. 1 time with a cat.
excited : I time with pet bird. 1 time with wild birds.
disoriented : I time with a dog. 1 time with a cat.
retreating into self : 1 time with a dog. 1 time with a cat.
restless : 2 times with dogs.
antsy and roaming more : 1 time for general farm animals-- horses, cows, chickens, dogs, and cats.
acting schizy : I time with a cat.
freaking out : I time with a cat.
seemed agitated : 1 time with chickens.
acting crazy: I time with a dog.
whining : 1 time with a dog. 1 time with a cat.
running up and down trees _: I time with a cat.
appeared tense : 1 time with a dog.
looking and listening-: I time with a dog.
pecking one another aggressively : I time with wild birds.
closer to people : 1 time with a dog.
jumpy: 1 time with a dog.
skittish : 1 time with a dog.
flighty: 1 time with a dog.
acting uneasy : 1 time with cows.
act up: 1 time with cows.
wouldn't eat : I time with cows.
shaking : I time in with a dog.
squirrelly : I time with a cat.
pacing : I time with a cat.
howling : 1 time with a cat.
stillness or silence : 1 time with wild birds.
in unusual place : 1 time with a cat.
in a usual place at an unusual time 1 time with a possum.
looking around inquisitively : 1 time with a dog.
wild animal out of habitat : 1 time with a possum.
unsettled : 1 time with a dog.
leaving as a flock just moments before an earthquake : 1 time with wild birds.

Another study:

There were specific animals having certain changes in their behavior before a earthquake.  Not only this, but some of these animals were noted as having behavior changes happening at least a few weeks before the earthquake event all the way up until the event.  This study was conducted at a university.  PDF: Research Paper http://www.oakton.edu/user/~billtong/eas100/abnorm_anim_behav_earthquakes.pdf

As noted in the pdf the closer you get to a earthquake event the more type of animals you can have showing changes in their behavior.  The closer the animal lives to the epicenter of the event the more animal types you have showing erratic behavior.  But the two animals most likely to show weeks before the event that a earthquake event is fixing to happen near the epicenter is the fish, and birds. These two show signs of a event weeks before the event, It could be they are more sensitive. Most of these events are usually explained in terms of a release of gases ( radon, sulfides, ozone, methane, to name a few) prior to earthquakes. Nearly all animals have a better sense of smell than humans, and electric and acoustic stimuli of various types. (Electric, magnetic, electromagnetic, air Ions) Most sensitive are aquatic. At present there is no definitive experimental evidence to support claims that animals sometimes sense the coming of an earthquake. But you must note there has been no large studies to prove they don't have a sense of knowing a earthquake is fixing to happen either. Last note I don't believe this is the cause of the wildlife deaths.  Unless everyone thinks the world is fixing to crack open like a egg from the most biggest earthquake ever to hit our planet. 



Warfare

Electromagnetic scalar weapons that can artificially manipulate the environment could be responsible for the mass die offs. We know for a fact that over a decade ago the U.S. Military Industrial Complex was aware of and involved in the testing of such technology.

In 1997, Defense Secretary William Cohen stated, “Others [terrorists] are engaging even in an eco-type of terrorism whereby they can alter the climate, set off earthquakes, volcanoes remotely through the use of electromagnetic waves… So there are plenty of ingenious minds out there that are at work finding ways in which they can wreak terror upon other nations…It’s real, and that’s the reason why we have to intensify our [counter terrorism] efforts.”

From the 1950′s onwards, the U.S. government deliberately engaged in open air tests, spraying major cities like San Francisco and New York with Serratia marcescens and Bacillus glogigii. In 1955, the CIA also released a bacteria withdrawn from the Army’s biological warfare arsenal over Tampa Bay, Fl in order to test its ability to infect human populations with biological agents.

In 1966, the U.S. Army dispensed Bacillus subtilis variant niger throughout the New York City subway system. 1977 Senate hearings on Health and Scientific Research confirmed that 239 populated areas had been contaminated with biological agents between 1949 and 1969, including San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Key West, Panama City, Minneapolis, and St. Louis.

http://www.infowars.com/is-mass-bird-and-fish-die-off-connected-to-government-testing/

Note also it may not be the work of just one country.  It could be a Country near you.  It could be a people near you.  Chemical, electromagnetic warfare is brutal, and it's not related or never has been to one group of people, or Country.  Instead it is capable of being produced anywhere, by any nation, or group of people. 

So now what?

If there is a real honest to goodness scientific reason for this. Chances are we will find out the reason why.  That is, as long as Governments allow us to know.  Some areas we may never know.  If Governments would be more honest, with the people, then conspiracy theories concerning this would not exist.  If they did not use their own people as gunnie pigs, there would not be any conspiracies either.  There would be no reason to fear the Government is up to no good.  No reason to think they took part in the bird and fish deaths.  Governments think so lowly of their own people.  I would not even put it past the idea that this could be related to GMO's.   If there is a earthly reason for this... May god have mercy on those involved.  If someone did this deliberatly, there would not be any proof as to whom did it.  Don't hold your breath for any one country to admit to it.


and sense carlee {Thank you carlee!} did a great job finding the map...

http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&msa=0&msid=201817256339889828327.0004991bca25af104a22b&ll=28.921631    up to date map of of die-offs on a Google map Mass die-offs going on World wide

[citizenx]

Posts on ATS talk about a Carbon Capture plant (experimental?)  Near fish kill in Ark. I believe.

Massive Earth Kill Off... WHAT IS HAPPENING?, page 19

Pages: <<  16    17    18    19  >>
ATS Members have flagged this thread 89 times

reply posted on 5-1-2011 @ 05:50 PM by HunkaHunka
Time Line:

Thursday, Dec 30th - 83,000 Drum Fish (Bottom Feeders) die in Arkansas

We are told that it couldn't be a pollutant, because it effected only one species of fish... The bottom feeders. Now, my scientific mind says that the bottom feeders eat something a lot different than the fish at the top. And as we can see, there were 83,000 of them over the stretch of 20 miles. You can't rule out a pollutant.



YouTube Link


That Video was taken Here



But if we switch to satellite image we see something very interesting right up the way from them....



What are those? I sure don't know... so I went looking....

And to the east of these is a very interesting looking compound...



Turns out, the roads which run both north and south as well as east and west around this compound are called "Carbon Plant Road"




So what is a Carbon Plant? It's a Carbon Capture Plant actually...

And they look like this



Just like the one up above.

Look at where all the carbon goes...



Through a co-operation agreement signed between Gaz de France and Vattenfall, the CO2 captured at Schwarze Pumpe will be used for enhanced gas recovery and storage at Europe's second largest onshore gas field, Altmark, during a three-year trial period. CO2 will be injected at depths of 3000m, and methods will be investigated for extending the natural lifetime of a gas field combined with permanent CO2 storage.

The 30MW pilot plant will provide the technical basis for the construction of much larger 200 -300MW demonstration power plant to be constructed by 2015.

What is oxy-combustion?

Oxy-fuel firing represents one of several methods available to capture CO2 from power plants.

Research and testing of oxy-fuel applications are being pursued by European and US suppliers in collaboration with utilities, academia, the US Department of Energy and the European Union.

Based on economic studies of a range of CO2 mitigation technologies, oxy-fuel firing is competitive compared to other pre-combustion and post-combustion technologies.

Oxy-fuel firing technology is a process in which fuel is burned in a mixture of high purity oxygen ([s40]95 per cent by volume) and recirculated flue gas, essentially eliminating the presence of atmospheric nitrogen in the flue gas. The resulting flue gas contains primarily CO2 and water vapour, along with small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and gases like SO2 and NOx.

This resulting flue gas can be processed relatively easily (through rectification or distillation) to enrich the CO2 content in the product gas to more than 99 per cent purity. The CO2 can then be used for industrial applications such as enhanced oil or gas recovery (EOR or EGR).


Oh wait a minute...

It also has by products of Sulfur Dioxide


Sulfur dioxide is a major air pollutant and has significant impacts upon human health. In addition the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere can influence the habitat suitability for plant communities as well as animal life.[10] Sulfur dioxide emissions are a precursor to acid rain and atmospheric particulates.


Ok.. that's bad...

But what about the NOx? Well that's mono nitrogen oxide



NOx reacts with ammonia, moisture, and other compounds to form nitric acid vapor and related particles.



Whoa.. right there, if that mixed with fish feces... on the BOTTOM where BOTTOM FEEDERS EAT.. then there would be a lot of ammonia rich soil and plenty of moisture....

But let's go on



Small particles can penetrate deeply into sensitive lung tissue and damage it, causing premature death in extreme cases. Inhalation of such particles may cause or worsen respiratory diseases such as emphysema, bronchitis it may also aggravate existing heart disease.



Whoa... what about the lungs of birds? Well, I'm getting ahead of myself...




NOx reacts with volatile organic compounds in the presence sunlight to form Ozone. Ozone can cause adverse effects such as damage to lung tissue and reduction in lung function mostly in susceptible populations (children, elderly, asthmatics). Ozone can be transported by wind currents and cause health impacts far from the original sources. The American Lung Association estimates that nearly 50 percent of United States inhabitants live in counties that are not in ozone compliance.





This can travel a good distance...




NOx destroys ozone in the stratosphere.Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs ultraviolet light, which is potentially damaging to life on earth. NOx from combustion sources does not reach the stratosphere; instead, NOx is formed in the stratosphere from photolysis of nitrous oxide.

NOx also readily reacts with common organic chemicals, and even ozone, to form a wide variety of toxic products: nitroarenes, nitrosamines and also the nitrate radical some of which may cause biological mutations. Recently another pathway, via NOx, to ozone has been found that predominantly occurs in coastal areas via formation of nitryl chloride when NOx comes into contact with salt mist.



It's just horrible stuff... and it's being put into the ground right next to where the original fish kill was.





Then, on New years Eve - Between 3000-5000 birds fall from the sky...



YouTube Link



So where is Beebe in relation to Roseville? 122 miles due east of Roseville Well... as the crow flies....

Note that the river runs 3/4 of the way there...



What do birds eat again?

Oh yeah.. that's right.. they'd pick at dead fish... and if they didn't do that, they'd surely be eating something which is from that river.. just like the duck did...

perhaps it was in the air at this time as well... This is all speculation...

But the river itself empties into the Mississippi...

see post for images/video:

http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread647058/pg19

[Kilika]

A bunch of birds dropped dead in Denmark due to "fireworks" alledgedly!

[citizenx]

Fireworks, yeah, that's a good one.

Frightened to death, too.

Gotta love it.

They think we are so dumb.

[Dig]

SHALL WE PLAY A GAME?
http://www.influenzatraining.org/documents/s15539e/s15539e.pdf

Pandemic Preparedness Plan Exercise Program
Module 2: Surveillance
Introduction

These tabletop exercise materials are part of a series based on the WHO checklist for influenza pandemic preparedness planning1. The materials in this module are designed to test elements of preparedness outlined in section 2 of the Checklist- Surveillance.

These materials include a definition of the scope of the exercise, objectives the scenarios to be acted upon, questions for the controller/facilitator to pose and a general description of the actions expected as a result of those questions. The players in the exercise should only be given the scenario on the day of the exercise.

A tabletop exercise, while simulating an emergency situation, is a discussion guided by the exercise controller. There are no "real" actions carried out during the exercise. Players explain and discuss among the group how they would react to the scenario, but do not actually execute those actions.

There are no right or wrong responses during the exercise. There are no consequences for exploring alternative solutions as part of the discussion. The success of a tabletop exercise is determined by the full and honest participation of the players and the impact the lessons learnt during the exercise have on the revision and enhancement of plans, policies and procedures.

It is not unusual during the course of a tabletop exercise discussion to learn that important policies or procedures are not clearly defined, not familiar to all those involved, or simply less efficient that a procedure used by a different group. Events such as this should not be seen as a failure of any particular agency or group, but an opportunity for all involved to learn from the strengths of others.

The virus in the exercise is (A) HxNy.

Scope

As it is impossible to test all elements of any plan under all circumstances in a single exercise, the scope of these exercise materials is to facilitate an exercise based on the following:

Type of emergency: Pandemic Influenza

Location: Within the exercising Member State's borders.

Functions: Outbreak investigation and influenza surveillance practices during the pandemic alert and pandemic periods.

Participants: Focal points or decision makers from all entities involved in surveillance aspects of the pandemic plan. These individuals may include but is not limited to persons from the Ministry of Health, District Health Care managers, laboratory and other virological surveillance workers, health care worker labour organizations, and mortuary/morgue authorities.
Exercise Type: Tabletop exercise
1 http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/influenza/WHO_CDS_CSR_GIP_2005_4/en/Page 2

Pandemic Preparedness Plan Exercise Programme
Module 2-Surveillance
Global Influenza Programme

Objectives

The main objectives of this exercise are:

1. To evaluate readiness of public health and animal health authorities for surveillance and investigation of cases or outbreaks of human and animal infection with an influenza virus of pandemic potential during pandemic alert and pandemic periods
2. To evaluate capacity to rapidly detect avian influenza A infection in high risk groups during the pandemic alert period
a. Individuals at occupational risk of exposure to infected animal, humans or their secretions/excreta or specimen
b. Incoming travelers from affected areas
3. To evaluate the use of surveillance data for action (policy making, planning, investigation, prevention and control, service provision).
4. To evaluate the capacity for pandemic vaccination and related monitoring procedures.
Scenario A

The WHO pandemic alert phase is 3. There have been isolated outbreaks of (A) HxNy influenza in both wild birds and commercial poultry worldwide. A die off of wild birds is reported in a region with significant commercial poultry activity. There is fear and uncertainty among many producers about reporting sick birds for fear of lost income. Seasonal influenza outbreaks are ongoing.

A poultry vendor at a market falls ill with a severe respiratory illness and dies two days after hospitalization.  He is buried before samples can be taken. Four other members of his family fall ill, three are hospitalized and two die. Samples confirm (A) HxNy infection.

A community doctor in a remote region sees a patient with a high fever and respiratory distress. The patient claims to not have had contact with any poultry, but it is common in the area to keep birds.

There are several outbreaks in the region, including one in the capital of a nearby country that is an important trading partner.
Scenario B

The influenza virus (A) HxNy has mutated into a novel virus easily transmitted from human to human had has spread to several regions of the world. The WHO have announced level 6, indicating pandemic. Your country is in the first wave of infection, and there are high rates of infection within your borders and throughout the region. Approximately 20% of the population shows clinical signs of infection and nearly 1/5 of them requiring hospitalization. The fatality rate from pandemic strain influenza is approximately 7%.

The health care sector is under the same stress from absenteeism as other industries, with high portions of the workforce either ill or caring for sick family members.
Scenario C
The WHO pandemic alert level has been at 6 for six months. Absenteeism among health care workers and other essential services continues to be high as they either become infected or are absent to care for sick family members. The economic impact has been severe due to the high levels of absenteeism in non-production industries such as finance and communications as well as in the production and transport sector.  Security forces, also suffering from high absenteeism, report that sustaining public order may become difficult.

A pandemic strain influenza vaccine has just been released by two manufacturers, but you can only obtain 150,000 doses total in a combination of the two vaccines.
For facilitators and evaluators

The following questions can be used to guide the discussions. Questions are divided by scenario, as different levels of surveillance should be in place for different Pandemic Alert levels. The expected result is given to assist evaluators in assessing the response.
Scenario A
To evaluate readiness of public health and animal health authorities for surveillance and investigation of cases or outbreaks of human and animal infection with an influenza virus of pandemic potential during pandemic alert and pandemic periods

• Will assistance from WHO be requested? When? Who makes the decision to allow WHO teams into the field?
A decision maker should be known to all who will be the authority on requesting assistance from WHO.

• How do the agricultural and human health authorities interact?
There should be communications and reporting mechanisms between the two ministries, especially during the pandemic alert period when human infection sometimes is detected prior to detection of animal infection if veterinarian surveillance is not in place or insufficient.

• Does an investigation of an animal outbreak launch a search for human cases? Does a human case spark a search for animal cases?
Currently, an outbreak in either people or animals is a sign of the virus in the other. The animal and human health sectors need to closely cooperate in order to follow up outbreak reports with investigations of related cases on the other side of the species barrier.

• Does the country have the capacity to carry out multiple investigations in different regions?
The country should ensure that there is a capacity to carry out investigations. This can include procedures for requesting assistance from outside authorities (WHO, CDC,FAO, OIE, etc.) if sufficient capacity it not present internally.also can include RRTs at all level. A plan and process should be in place on how to assemble and deploy teams.

• How will healthy close contacts of suspected cases be monitored?
The surveillance system should include a procedure for keeping contacts of suspected cases under surveillance. The list of contacts should be provided with appointments for reporting (by phone, visiting health facility daily, health care worker visiting them at home, or other methods etc…) and an individual form recording outcome of daily monitoring is being kept for documentation. Close surveillance should be continued for 7 days after last exposure to the case or to an infected poultry, or as per prevailing WHO guidelines.

• What precautions should be taken when handling the specimens in order to minimize risk of specimen contamination?
Protection from contamination should be an everyday part of laboratory operation. Given an unknown pathogenicity, maximum care should be taken in handling samples. Laboratory workers should be aware of how to pack and unpack shipments of samples, and in the proper use of appropriate protective equipment. They also should be aware of standard operating procedures for specimen storage and transport including timeline requirements. Finally they should be taught to separate human specimens from animal specimens which should be further tested in different laboratories to prevent from contamination and reassortment. As with other exposed or potentially exposed persons, if the national plan includes antiviral prophylaxis, the details of its use need to be clear.

• How does a doctor in a community report a suspected infection?
Knowledge of procedures from the grassroots level is important in interpandemic surveillance. The earlier suspect cases are identified and their contacts put under surveillance, the better chance of containing any outbreak, including that of potential pandemic strain of influenza.
To evaluate capacity to rapidly detect avian influenza A infection in high risk groups during the pandemic alert period
-Individuals at occupational risk of exposure
-Incoming travelers from affected areas

• What kind of surveillance is exercised on those involved with culling the infected birds?
Local level surveillance should be alert for high risk groups such as cullers, wet market workers, veterinarians, etc. Cullers, whenever possible, should have adequate protective equipment and be instructed to report any signs of illness immediately.

• What about the farmers and veterinarians involved in the outbreak?
Local level surveillance should be alert for possible contact with infected poultry. Again, if the national plan involves the use of antiviral prophylaxis, there should be a plan for its use.

• What kinds of restrictions on trade or travel may be imposed on travelers arriving from infected countries?
Any restrictions taken need to be weighed against effectiveness and efficacy in addition to compliance with the International Health Regulations.
To evaluate the use of surveillance data for action (policy making, planning, investigation, prevention and control, service provision).

• How does the surveillance data and other scientific information influence public health and government policy?
Policy, planning, prevention and control and provision of service should all be re-examined frequently as new information becomes available. The government should have a scientific advisory body to give advice for measures based on the surveillance data and other scientific information.

• Are those responsible for the social mobilization and risk communication messages informed about surveillance results?
Those responsible for crafting and dissemination of information to the public need to be kept informed as to the current threat level based on surveillance information. Communications with the public need to be revised quickly as new information becomes available in order to maintain confidence that the government is being transparent in how it deals with the potential crisis.
Scenario B
To evaluate readiness of public health and animal health authorities for surveillance and investigation of cases or outbreaks of human and animal infection with an influenza virus of pandemic potential during pandemic alert and pandemic periods

• What kind of monitoring is anticipated during the pandemic for hospital admissions of suspected or confirmed cases of pandemic influenza?
Surveillance will need to be adjusted during the pandemic phase. The country needs to consider what kind of resources are expected to be available for surveillance once in a pandemic wave.

• What about deaths from suspected or confirmed cases of pandemic strain influenza?
Pandemic level death reporting should factor into the plan. The process should be different for interpandemic monitoring, taking into consideration the stress it would place on resources. Does the country have capacity for dealing with the mass morbidity rate that could be expected in a pandemic wave?

• How will absenteeism be tracked in areas like healthcare workers, police, and other services designated as essential in the plan? What about recovered workers?
A clear plan for tracking illness among workers in essential services should exist. In addition, consideration should be given to creating a roster of recovered staff from essential services who would presumably be immune.

• How is surveillance data communicated within the country? Is the data communicated to any
regional bodies? WHO?
The reporting mechanisms should be clearly defined from the local to national levels.
To evaluate capacity to rapidly detect avian influenza A infection in high risk groups during the pandemic alert period
-Individuals at occupational risk of exposure
-Incoming travelers from affected areas

• What measures, if any, will be imposed on travelers arriving from other infected countries?
During a pandemic, any measures taken to screen incoming travelers must be examined for efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness.

• What measures will be taken for workers at high risk of occupational exposure like healthcare workers and laboratory personnel?
Biosafety should be an everyday habit of laboratory and healthcare staff. Individual countries will need to look at what measures can be taken within their means to protect workers.
To evaluate the use of surveillance data for action (policy making, planning, investigation, prevention and control, service provision).

• What impact will surveillance data gathered during the interpandemic and pandemic period have on preparedness and response plans?
Information gathered should be channeled back into the planning process to enable the revision of plans, policies and procedures to more accurately reflect the impact of the virus.
Scenario C
To evaluate the capacity for pandemic vaccination and related monitoring procedures.

• Is there a system in place to monitor vaccine usage?
The country should consider how to monitor who has been vaccinated and the designation of a non-vaccinated control group to determine levels of efficacy.

• Who will be vaccinated?
With limited access to pandemic strain vaccine, the country should have a plan on which groups will be vaccinated first. This plan should be part of the public communications strategy and have an ethical justification.

• How will the logistics issues of a vaccination campaign be addressed?
The country should examine how it plans to approach issues related to pandemic strain vaccination, including transport and security.

• There are severe side effects in people with high blood pressure who have been vaccinated with the pandemic strain vaccine from one manufacturer, but not from the other. How will vaccination surveillance deal with this?
There need to be provisions in vaccination tracking for manufacturer and lot information.

• How is data collected for use in the calculation of vaccine effectiveness for the pandemic strain vaccine?
Research institutes and clinical sentinel posts should collect vaccination history and blood samples

[Dig]

Posts on ATS talk about a Carbon Capture plant (experimental?)  Near fish kill in Ark. I believe.
http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread647058/pg19

Experimental Carbon Capture ?!?!?!?!

BLACK AND VEATCH!


December 8, 2010
Black & Veatch: 16% of U.S. Coal Fleet to Be Retired by 2020
http://www.powermag.com/POWERnews/Black-and-Veatch-16-percent-of-U-S-Coal-Fleet-to-Be-Retired-by-2020_3260.html
POWERnews

More than 52 GW—16%—of the existing U.S. coal-fired generation fleet will be retired rather than face the cost of compliance with pending air quality regulations between 2015 and 2020, engineering and consulting firm Black & Veatch predicted in its end-of-year Energy Market Forecast.  Coal-fired power plants will provide just 25% of the nation’s power in 2035, down from 49% today. On the other hand, the firm said, renewable energy production will surge from 4% to 11%, while nuclear generation will increase from 20% to 21% in 2035.  Key findings of the forecast, which were detailed in a webinar in mid-November, also suggest that coal-fired generation retirements and other market trends will lead to an increase in the natural gas–fired generation market share from 21% to 40% in 2035. Industry will also step up installations of wind, solar, nuclear, and integrated gasification combined cycle technology with carbon capture and sequestration capabilities, Black & Veatch said.
**Black & Veatch
http://forum.prisonplanet.com/index.php?topic=195608.0

GREENHOUSE GAS MANAGEMENT
Developing a Plan and Generating Results
http://www.bv.com/Downloads/Resources/Brochures/rsrc_ENR_GHGBrochure.pdf

Current and potential local, state and federal regulations, as well as voluntary corporate and association commitments have spurred energy producers and consumers to develop greenhouse gas management plans. Whatever the driver, Black & Veatch understands your primary objective is to develop an affordable plan that provides lower energy supply/production costs while reducing your greenhouse gas footprint. With so many different options available, you need a solutions partner with comprehensive expertise in greenhouse gas footprinting and reporting, technical options assessment, and strategic planning. You need a partner like Black & Veatch.

A Roadmap for Your Success

Effectively planning your greenhouse gas management strategy is a complex undertaking that covers a broad range of options. Black & Veatch provides clients with a distinctive blend of regulatory knowledge, technical expertise, and innovation few can match. The Black & Veatch Greenhouse Gas Strategy Roadmap (see right) can be used to evaluate current greenhouse gas emissions and to develop a viable greenhouse gas management plan. This approach has several advantages:
> Transparent and objective framework for capital decision making
> Comprehensive evaluation of all available options to identify optimal solutions
> Comparative cost analysis
> Clear direction for prioritizing projects based on economics and/or desired impact

Black & Veatch can tailor this approach to meet the needs of any client in the commercial, industrial, academic, utility or telecommunications industries.

Technical Expertise

Black & Veatch has deep capabilities in all developing and commercial approaches to managing your greenhouse gas footprint, such as:
> Renewables (wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, and hydro)
> Low carbon and efficient power cycles
> Renewables (wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and hydro)
> Combined heat and power
> Biofuels production/use
> CO2 separation from process streams
> Efficient building design (LEED)
> GHG credit creation and trading

Black & Veatch has been supporting our clients for decades with engineering services addressing these technologies, as part of energy supply planning, project feasibility analyses, and design-build projects.

Greenhouse Gas Strategy Roadmap

1. Inventory Footprint
First, define the current “carbon footprint” by undertaking an inventory of all greenhouse gas emissions attributable to the facility or company. Establish the boundaries of the footprint, collect data, calculate direct and indirect emissions, and interpret the results. Assist with Federal GHG reporting if required.

2. Risk Assessment
Characterize ongoing and potential future exposure to carbon constraints and quantify potential impacts on business operations, company assets and competitive position, including economic risks, benchmarking against other companies, and assessing business and operational vulnerabilities to extreme weather and other consequences of climate change.

3. Options and Opportunities
Identify and select the best alternative in a three step process. First, identify and characterize options. Second, evaluate the feasibility and cost of each alternative relative to each specific application. Finally, generate a Supply Curve and compare options in terms of cost to reduce GHG production.

4. Strategic Plan
Strategy development and implementation planning is the culmination of the above process. Timing and commitment are crucial to designing strategies to prepare a company for eventual regulation and create flexibility to address long-range climate change issues. Strategies must consider and address the concerns and demands of internal corporate governance, business plans, external investors, government action, market forces and product customers and consumers. Implementation plans and actions follow strategy development.

5. Action (when required)
Implementation of strategies and plans including measurement, reporting, feasibility studies, plant modifications, capture and sequestration, training and education, new facilities, and GHG credits/trading.
-------------------------------------
Project Execution & Experience: Here are some brief project descriptions of relevant work Black & Veatch has completed for their clients:

Kansas City Power and Light – Evaluated KCPL’s existing generation assets to identify opportunities for cost effective efficiency improvement projects and estimated the corresponding reductions in CO2 emissions. Over 40 projects were identified for implementation - all of which provided a positive ROI based on reductions in fuel costs, reduced forced outage rates, and environmental credits. As a result of the efficiency improvements it was estimated CO2 emissions would be reduced by more than 700,000 tons/year.

University of Arkansas – Provided engineering services to Johnson Controls, Inc. for significant upgrades to the steam and chilled water plants to achieve energy savings and GHG reductions while providing a positive economic payback.

Schering-Plough – Developed an optimal utilities (steam, chilled water, and electricity) supply plan for an 88 acre research and production campus. Identified upgrade projects that improved efficiency and lowered GHG production, such as replacing old chillers with new environmentally friendly refrigerants and installing a centralized chilled water plant.

Miller Brewing – Performed a feasibility study for capturing CO2 from natural gas-fired boilers and converting to beverage-grade CO2.

Intermountain Power Plant – Analyzed options for reducing GHG emissions to comply with stringent California standards. Also evaluated various options for technical and economic viability, including cofiring biomass or natural gas, solar thermal feedwater heating, solar thermal power, geothermal feedwater heating, geothermal power, wind, hydro, and anaerobic digestion.

Alexandria (VA) Sanitation Authority – Performed an energy audit to identify projects that could reduce operating costs and improve energy efficiency at a key wastewater treatment plant.

Henderson, Nevada – Evaluated opportunities to cost-effectively implement solar and hydroelectric energy into a water reclamation facility.

Confidential Major Oil Company – Developed a forecast of potential CO2 allowance prices for the electric power sector. A supply curve of abatement measures was developed, which included renewable energy, high efficiency power generation, and post-combustion capture technologies.

The Carbon Trust – Reviewed alternative anaerobic digestion and gas-engine CHP technologies, developed a techno-economic model, and provided technical direction for potential business start-up. The project was established to develop, deliver and operate onsite integrated waste disposal and energy supply projects to food manufacturers in the UK.

[citizenx]

Accidental consequence of carbon sequestration?

One can see why they wouldn't want that cat out of the bag -- would upset the plans for carbon economy.

[SUPREMEMASTER]

United States: Arkansas

United States: Louisiana

United States: Florida

United States: Kentucky

United States: Maryland

United States: Nebraska

United States: North Carolina

United States: Texas

Canada: Manitoba [Province]

South American Continent: Argentina

South American Continent: Brazil

European Union: Italy

European Union: Germany

European Union: Sweden

European Union: United Kingdom

Asian Continent: China: Hong Kong

Asian Continent: Japan

Pacific Ocean: New Zealand

[Dig]

Accidental consequence of carbon sequestration?

One can see why they wouldn't want that cat out of the bag -- would upset the plans for carbon economy.

oh nelly! you got that right!

http://www.hysafe.org/download/1009/BRHS_Ch3_Consequences_version%201_0_1.pdf
3.2 Accidental Consequences
3.2.1. Pressure Waves and Pressure Loads
3.2.1.1. Chemical Explosions

Essential to the consideration of accidental consequences is the estimation of hazards and hazard levels, e.g., overpressures, thermal radiation, the throw of debris or missiles, and the damage level or the vulnerability of the receiving objects. In chemical explosions which are usually exothermal oxidation reactions, a great portion of the combustion energy is carried by the developing blast wave uniformly distributed in all directions. Depending on the various types of combustion processes (slow deflagration or fast turbulent flame or detonation), the pressure history will be different. It is characterized by the peak overpressure and the pressure increase/decay rate. This effect is strongest at ground level (hemispherical) explosions where due to reflection the respective yield ratio can be twice as high as for a spherical explosion.

Deflagration and detonation differ in peak overpressure, in the duration of the impulse (time-integrated pressure), in the steepness of the wave front, and in the decrease of overpressure with propagation distance. Secondary blast wave parameters are the peak reflected pressure, peak dynamic (blast wind) pressure, shock front velocity, and blast wave length. The different pressure transients for the two combustion modes are shown in Fig. 3-1.

Fig. 3-1: Characteristic shape of pressure-time function for a detonation shock wave (left)  and a deflagration pressure wave (right), from [TNO 1992] (Po: initial pressure; Ps: peak side-on overpressure; tp: duration of positive phase)

Deflagration

In a deflagration with flame speeds of 1-10 m/s, the volume expansion of the gas acts like a piston displacing the unburnt gas. The deflagration pressure wave in a confined space is characterized by a slow increase of pressure and fluid velocity in the region preceding the flame front. Pressure build-up will take place even at low flame speeds and remain at the obtained level, since the gas cannot expand in a fixed volume. The pressure inside is independent of the location and mainly determined by the fraction of burnt gas. The static pressure loading in slow deflagration processes is described by the “adiabatic, isochoric, complete combustion (AICC)” pressure representing an upper bound in a confined space. For a given gas mixture at an initial temperature, the AICC pressure is a function of the initial pressure. A mitigation of the AICC pressure is given by incomplete combustion, venting, radiation/conduction heat losses, or the addition of diluents. Therefore the maximum static pressure will be generally lower than the AICC pressure. On the other hand, initial turbulence increases the degree of combustion and thus the pressure. The peak pressure in a closed vessel for most hydrocarbon-air mixtures is in the order of 0.8 MPa, sufficient for many buildings to exceed their failure limits. For a hydrocarbon-oxygen mixture, it is even 1.6 MPa. An H2-air mixture, initially at NTP, will reach a pressure of 0.815 MPa; its volume will increase by a factor of 6.89 [Baker 1983].

The pressure build-up depends on the flame propagation and the degree of confinement. Particularly hazardous configurations are those, which are heavily confined like tubes, pipes, or channels, where – if long enough – even in insensitive methane-air mixtures, high flame speeds and pressures can be reached. Venting can reduce the pressure.

Inside a spherical vessel, the pressure rise following the ignition of a flammable mixture is proportional to the cube of the burning velocity. In pipes with no obstacles, the transition distance increases with increasing diameter (example: 8 m for propane-air mixture in a 50 mm diameter pipe) [Moen 1993].

Effective burning velocity must be as high as ~ 100 m/s to produce significant blast overpressures of 10 kPa. Comparing explosion tests in tubes and in spherical vessels, it was observed that pressures are generally lower in a spherical propagation of the gas mixture (unconfined) than in a planar propagation. The pressure behind the flame front is decaying away from the flame, since wave energy dissipates.

The combustion of a hydrogen-air mixture in an unconfined vapour cloud explosion (UVCE) typically liberates only a fraction of 0.1 - 10 % of its thermal energy content, in most cases less than 1 % [Lind 1975].

Depending on the combustion mode (deflagration/detonation), the explosion is connected with a more or less destructive pressure shock wave. The overpressure to be expected in the deflagration of an unconfined hydrogen-air vapour cloud is in the order of 10 kPa.

Fast Deflagration

In the intermediate stage of a fast deflagration with the flame front still travelling at subsonic speed, a preceding shock wave is developing in the still unburnt mixture. The peak overpressure is lower, the pressure drop, however, takes place over a longer period of time. This means that the impulse, i.e., the integral of pressure over time, which is a measure for the load upon a structure, is about the same in both cases. The peak overpressure increases with increasing flame speed. Transient pressures can be locally higher than the AICC pressure. Inhomogeneities can result in local detonations decaying to deflagrations. When the shock wave leaves the cloud, it turns into an expanding decaying wave. In the long-distance range, the pressure wave for both deflagration and detonation exhibits about the same shape decaying with 1/r. Local explosions like from jet flames result in locally high pressures and can also lead to high flame speeds in less confined areas and even trigger a detonation wave.

Detonation

In contrast to a deflagration, the detonation is a combustion mode with the flame travelling at supersonic speed in the order of 2000 m/s. The flame front proceeds by shock wave compression of the unburnt gas. It is characterized by a distinct pressure spike and a subsequent almost exponential decrease. The shock wave, which is at the same time the flame front, is followed by the reaction zone, in which a pressure discontinuity is observed where the pressure even drops to values lower than atmospheric pressure (“molecular collapse”) due to the much denser oxidation product (water) upon hydrogen combustion. The essential parameters are peak overpressure and positive/negative phase of the specific impulse depending on the liberated explosion energy. The combustion process is completed without an expansion of the gas cloud. Peak overpressures in the near field are typically in the range of 1.5-2 MPa. The pressure wave gradually decays and eventually turns into an acoustic wave.

In geometries which allow the transition from deflagration to detonation, pressures near the location where detonation takes place, may be much higher than the CJ (Chapman-Jouguet) pressure of a stabilized (and idealized) detonation wave, which is due to a pre-compression effect by the propagating shock wave [Van Wingerden 1999]. In confined spaces, peak pressures can range between “normal” deflagration peak pressure and very high pressures following DDT. Worst case is considered the DDT on a reflected shock wave produced by a fast flame with an estimated peak pressure to be by a factor of 10 higher than the detonation pressure. The transfer of a detonation wave into adjacent mixtures is possible and has been observed for planar clouds, whereas in spherical clouds, fast deflagrations are more likely to occur.

An explosion in a vessel which is connected by a small opening to another vessel creates a peak overpressure and a pressure increase rate much higher than in a single vessel explosion, a phenomenon known as “pressure piling”. A pressure of more than 3.5 MPa was measured in a two-chamber geometry for a stoichiometric hydrocarbon-air mixture, where 0.8 MPa were expected for the explosion in a single vessel. Unlike the length of the interconnecting tube, its diameter is pertinent for the peak overpressure.

Real Gas Cloud

In reality, a gas cloud shows the typically expected features of a non-premixed, inhomogeneous concentration distribution, air entrainment at the boundaries, and stratification if evolving from a pool of liquefied gas. Furthermore in case of an explosion, a real gas cloud is not an “ideal” explosion source due to a larger-than-infinitesimal volume and a lower energy density and energy deposition rate, thus leading to non-ideal blast waves. Deviations from the ideal situation are able to either enhance or to attenuate the pressure build-up. Non-stoichiometry as well as ignition at the cloud edge will certainly have a damping effect on the pressure build-up. The maximum blast impulse, which becomes larger with increasing shock duration, is not near the explosion centre, but about 13-15 charge radii. A near-ground flat long-stretched cloud of heavy gases or vaporized cryogens may experience multi-point ignition connected with a sequence of pressure peaks, and more turbulence- generating terrain roughness or obstacles in the flow path, both effects of which lead to an enhancement of the pressure build-up.

Unlike a heavy gas cloud which would be of a pancake form, a hydrogen vapour cloud would soon cover an area, which is larger than that of a hemispherical cloud with the same explosive inventory. Only in case of just vaporized LH2 after a large-scale spill, the cold gas cloud would travel and stretch near ground, until sufficient air has entrained from the outside to make the gas positively buoyant and develop soon to a vertically stretched cloud shape.  The flame spreading in a non-spherical cloud is spherically until it reaches the cloud edge at some point; then it continues in the direction, where still gas can be found. The pressure is decreasing immediately behind the flame front because of the upward expansion of the combustion products.

3.2.1.2. Physical Explosions

Shock wave blasts can also be produced from physical explosions, i.e., the sudden violent expansion of a fluid not connected with a chemical reaction. The strongest man-made physical explosion is surely the nuclear explosion of an atomic bomb. The resulting blast wave reaches overpressures of 170 kPa in the central zone (14 km radius for the example of a 20 Mt explosion in 5.5 km height) and gradually decaying to the outside with still 20 kPa at 60 km distance).

The most common physical explosion is a bursting or rocketing pressure vessel which may result from a fire-induced BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Cloud Explosion). The higher the liquid density, the more destructive is the BLEVE. If the liquid is flammable, a fireball will follow. Several pressure spikes are being created upon a BLEVE: from the flashing liquid, from the expanding vapour phase, and, if applicable, from the combustion. Missiles and projectiles may be emitted also from a physical explosion and may cause injuries, fatalities, or damage at considerable distances depending on the explosion energy liberated. Projectile hazard increases with average liquid temperature.

Another example of a physical explosion is the so-called rapid phase transition (RPT), a thermal vapour explosion resulting from the spontaneous phase change of a fluid getting in contact with a much hotter or colder liquid, e.g., a cryogen spilled onto water or the fluid-coolant interaction during a core melt accident in a light-water nuclear reactor. Prerequisites of such an explosive boiling are a temperature of the “hot” fluid above the boiling point of the “cold” fluid and a certain mixing of both fluids allowing a close and sufficiently long contact. Although the energy release is small compared with a chemical explosion, fragmentation and phase change of the “cold” fluid (vapour evolution) can occur at such a high rate that shock waves may be formed. For LNG onto a water surface, overpressures with damaging potential of up to 5 kPa were observed. RPT explosions with different materials (molten metal plus water) in the metal and chemical industries were even the cause for people killed by flying melt or the blast wave. Natural examples of RPT were the catastrophic explosions of the island volcanoes Krakatoa, Indonesia, in 1883 and Surtsey, Iceland, in 1963.

3.2.1.3. Experimental Work

Apart from the experience obtained by observations and lessons learned from explosion accidents, numerous experiments have been performed worldwide to investigate the transient behaviour of overpressures following the explosive combustion of fuel-air mixtures. Tests were conducted under various conditions such as confined, partially confined, or unconfined, larger-scale or smaller-scale geometry, fuel type and constitution with the main goal of development of or comparison with simulation approaches. The most dangerous configurations were found to be, as expected, those with a major obstruction, even for less sensitive fuel gases such as methane. For DDT cases, travelling distance for the flame must be sufficiently long, which would be around 3 m for a stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture. Only a few of those test series are mentioned in the following showing the broad range of activities.

Large-scale experiments were conducted by the Russian Kurchatov Institute using premixed hydrogen-air mixtures. The RUT facility with a confined volume of 480 m3 was employed for a series of tests ranging from slow deflagration to detonation. H2 concentration varied between 10 and 14 %.

During slow deflagration (no obstacles present), the overpressures measured increased with H2 concentration, from around 0.1 MPa to 0.17-0.23 MPa. Insertion of obstacles (blockage ratio of 30 and 60 %) resulted in accelerated flames creating overpressures (1.1-1.6 MPa) for gas mixtures with 14 % H2 concentration. There was even the observation of a detonation at a H2 concentration as low as 12.5 %. Examples of pressure transients are given in Fig. 3-2 [Breitung 1996].

Fig. 3-2: Measured overpressure transients in RUT tests with different blockage ratios (BR) showing slow deflagration (top), fast deflagration (middle), detonation (bottom), from [Breitung 1996]

The Russian UTR facility, a tube with 66 mm diameter and a maximum length of 3 m was used for systematic studies on peak overpressures if the location of DDT is varied influencing the degree of precombustion. Peak pressures observed were well above the Chapman-Jouguet pressures for detonation of the undisturbed mixture.

Large-scale testing on DDT in hydrogen-air mixtures was conducted in the FLAME facility, a 30.5 m long, 2.44 m high, and 1.83 m wide rectangular channel with a closed ignition end and an open far end and venting/obstruction possibilities.

An explosion tube of 2.5 m diameter and 10 m length with one open end was used in Norway to study peak overpressures of ignited stoichiometric propane-air mixtures. The tests have shown the significant influence of the blockage ratio inside the tube on the flame speed and pressure increase, respectively, which can come close to the detonation range [GEXCON].

Smaller-scale detonation test tubes have been conducted at the Research Centre Karlsruhe, the Technical University of Munich, the DLR in Stuttgart or the High-Temperature Combustion Facility, HTCF, at BNL employing different types of obstruction and differently diluted hydrogen-air mixtures to study flame acceleration and various DDT mechanisms. Within the nuclear power plant safety program and the PNP gas cloud program, the German Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (FH-ICT) conducted various series of tests using mixtures of propane, ethylene, methane, and hydrogen with air to investigate detonation and DDT in spherical, hemispherical, and tube geometries. Unconfined hemisperically shaped H2-air mixtures at volumes between 7.5 and 2100 m3 were ignited measuring a maximum overpressure of 6.3 kPa which corresponds to a flame velocity of 84 m/s [Schneider 1978, Pfoertner 1983a, Pfoertner 1983b, Pfoertner 1985]. Balloon tests were conducted with hemisperically shaped H2-air mixtures with a volume of 50 m3 and concentrations of 20 and 29.6 vol%, respectively. Ignition occurred at the centre on the ground by means of an explosive to trigger detonation. Pressures were measured at various positions inside and outside the balloon. Visually measured flame speeds agreed well the theoretical values (see Fig. 3-3) [Breitung 1995].

The influence of partial confinement on the combustion behaviour of H2-air mixtures was examined in further ICT tests employing a 10 x 3 x 3 m3 lane with parallel walls [Schneider 1984a, Schneider 1984b, Schneider 2005].

Fig. 3-3: Measured and calculated pressure transient inside (left) and outside (right) the balloon in an FH-ICT hemispherical balloon test with H2-air detonation, from [Breitung 1995]

The extensive experimental research programs on gas explosions within the EU projects MERGE [Mercx 1994] and EMERGE [Mercx 1997] have shown that overpressures are mainly determined by fuel type, geometric scale as well as the arrangement and number of obstacles which are passed by the propagating flame. Fig. 3-4: Measured flame front profiles in an FH-ICT lane test with parallel walls  (37 % H2 air mixture), fan generated turbulence, and DDT near the wall (contour 34),  from [Berman 1986]

Other unconfined explosion tests are known of the BASF company in Germany. In 1943 and 1948, explosion accidents occurred at BASF resulting from the bursting of liquid gas vessels, subsequent flash evaporation, and mixing of the fuel with ambient air and eventually ignition of the cloud. The cause of the bursting was a heating of the overfilled vessels by the radiation of the sun ,i.e., there was not enough vapour buffering inside of the tanks. The experimental simulation and modelling of these events has been performed in the 1970s by BASF and Fraunhofer ICT by use of differently sized vessels with volumes between 0.2 and 1.2 m3 corresponding to a mass of up to 452 kg of liquid propylene. Pressures observed were in the range of 0.5-1.5 kPa for the smaller and 4-7 kPa for the larger vessels [Maurer 1975, Maurer 1977, Giesbrecht 1980, Giesbrecht 1981].

With respect to other physical explosions, tests were conducted in the 1970s and 1980s with the spillage of LNG into a pond of water (e.g., Coyote series, Burro series, Maplin Sands series) to measure among other parameters the strength of RPT pressure waves. After releasing LNG amounts of 40 m3 onto water, observed RPT overpressures were as high as 5 kPa [Koopman 1982].

Gaz de France initiated an RPT research program in 1981 in Lorient with large-scale tests using LNG. The spillage of amounts between 1 and 9 m3 onto water has shown that the occurrence and strength of RPT were strongly related to the volume of the mixing zone. Maximum explosion pressure recorded was equivalent to 4.15 kg of TNT. Research activities also included fundamental studies of the phenomena and computer code development. Due to the larger temperature difference, consequences of LH2 spills onto water may be more severe.

[...] THERE IS ANOTHER 10 PAGES OF MATERIAL!
http://www.hysafe.org/download/1009/BRHS_Ch3_Consequences_version%201_0_1.pdf

[Dig]

Environmental Externalities of Geological Carbon Sequestration Effects on Energy Scenarios
http://ideas.repec.org/p/fem/femwpa/2004.58.html

Bob van der Zwaan (Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Policy Studies Department and Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government)
Koen Smekens (Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Policy Studies Department)

Abstract

Geological carbon sequestration seems one of the promising options to address, in the near term, the global problem of climate change, since carbon sequestration technologies are in principle available today and their costs are expected to be affordable. Whereas extensive technological and economic feasibility studies rightly point out the large potential of this ‘clean fossil fuel’ option, relatively little attention has been paid so far to the detrimental environmental externalities that the sequestering of CO2 underground could entail. This paper assesses what the relevance might be of including these external effects in long-term energy planning and scenario analyses. Our main conclusion is that, while these effects are generally likely to be relatively small, carbon sequestration externalities do matter and influence the nature of future world energy supply and consumption. More importantly, since geological carbon storage (depending on the method employed) may in some cases have substantial external impacts, in terms of both environmental damage and health risks, it is recommended that extensive studies are performed to quantify these effects. This article addresses three main questions: (i) What may energy supply look like if one accounts for large-scale CO2 sequestration in the construction of long-term energy and climate change scenarios; (ii) Suppose one hypothesizes a quantification of the external environmental costs of CO2 sequestration, how do then these supposed costs affect the evolution of the energy system during the 21st century; (iii) Does it matter for these scenarios whether carbon sequestration damage costs are charged directly to consumers or, instead, to electricity producers?

File URL: http://www.feem.it/userfiles/attach/Publication/NDL2004/NDL2004-058.pdf

Publisher Info

Paper provided by Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei in its series Working Papers with number 2004.58.

Date of creation: Mar 2004

Related research

Keywords: Geological carbon storage; External costs; Energy scenarios;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
O33 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
O38 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Government Policy
Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:
NEP-ALL-2004-07-18 (All new papers)
NEP-ENV-2004-07-18 (Environmental Economics)
Minh Ha-Duong & David Keith, 2003. "Carbon storage: the economic efficiency of storing CO2 in leaky reservoirs," Post-Print halshs-00003927_v1, HAL. [Downloadable!]

Cited by:
(explanations, RSS feed, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)
Rehdanz, Katrin & Tol, Richard S.J. & Wetzel, Patrick, 2006. "Ocean carbon sinks and international climate policy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(18), pages 3516-3526, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

Other versions:
Katrin Rehdanz & Richard S.J. Tol & Patrick Wetzel, 2005. "Ocean Carbon Sinks And International Climate Policy," Working Papers FNU-60, Research unit Sustainability and Global Change, Hamburg University, revised Feb 2005. [Downloadable!]

[ellas95]

I saw this on another site but found it strange considering "they" always seem to warn us of what is coming.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPToDj16Xx0

When you hit the :30 mark, hundreds of birds plummet to the ground and then they reveal a strange device.  Odd.  I guess the name of the program it was on was "Fast Forward".
 
It could be nothing... but strange. 


 

Flash Forward Wiki

http://flashforward.wikia.com/wiki/137_Sekunden#Somalia.2C_1991

look at the sky too  0:06
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tk6U1NkuoqE
A strange structure
http://images.wikia.com/flashforward/images/9/9e/Weird_pole.png

[Dig]

FUELS DECARBONIZATION AND CARBON
SEQUESTRATION:
REPORT OF A WORKSHOP
BY THE MEMBERS OF THE REPORT COMMITTEE
Robert Socolow, editor
PU/CEES Report No. 302
September 1997
This report can also be found on the World Wide Web at:
http://www.princeton.edu/~ceesdoe/
http://www.princeton.edu/mae/people/faculty/socolow/socdoc/socolow_r302_webfinal_2004-03-17.pdf

Report Committee
Braden Allenby
Anthony Chargin
Helena Chum
Marion Cole
William Cummings
Richard Doctor
Shimshon Gottesfeld
Frederick Grassle
Catherine Gregoire Padró
Donald Grether
Patrick Grimes
William Gunter
James Hansel
Howard Herzog
Edward Joyce
Roddie Judkins
Jay Keller
Ann Kinzig
William Moomaw
Sean O’Brien
Joan Ogden
Charles Powers
T.S. Ramakrishnan
Ambuj Sagar
Richard Scheer
John Sheffield
Yusuf Shikari
Robert Socolow
Dwain Spencer
Meyer Steinberg
Wim Turkenburg
Jill Watz
Iddo Wernick
Robert Williams
Center for Energy and Environmental Studies School of Engineering and Applied Science Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
This project was supported by the US Department of Energy.
Contract Number: DE-FCS36-95G010089
A. Chargin and R. Socolow, co-Principal Investigators
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A plausible technological approach is beginning to emerge for the successful human management of carbon on a global scale indefinitely— without requiring, a priori, the sacrifice of the energy value of oil, gas, and coal. Using the vast quantities of carbon in fossil fuels in new ways could significantly reduce the rate of increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Implementing this “safer fossil” concept will require the traditional industries of oil, gas, and coal to assume a lead role. Effective partnerships will require the involvement of industry, government, academia, national laboratories, and non-governmental organizations. The core idea is to separate the energy function from the carbon content of fossil fuels.

Fuels would be “decarbonized” and used efficiently. The removed carbon would be deliberately “sequestered,” that is, disposed of at a high concentration in such a way that the carbon does not reach the atmosphere for centuries or longer. Climate concerns would be directly addressed. For example, natural gas could be “steam reformed” into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The hydrogen could provide the fuel for fuel cells and combustion systems where hydrogen has a comparative advantage as a fuel. The carbon dioxide could be pumped into saline aquifers a kilometer or more below ground or into the deep ocean. The sequestration capacity in the deep ocean and in deep aquifers appears to be adequate for at least several centuries of carbon disposal, although in both cases there are important unresolved questions related to integrity of storage, the interaction of deep and surface waters, accident hazard, and direct environmental impact. Earlier studies have explored the sequestration of carbon dioxide produced at point sources, especially power plants. This report expands the objective to include the sequestration of carbon dioxide that would ordinarily be produced at dispersed sites, as a result of combustion in vehicle engines and at industrial and commercial facilities. Such a broad use of fossil fuels in ways compatible with the sequestration of their carbon could permit a significant fraction of the carbon in the fossil fuels used over the next several centuries not to be emitted directly to the atmosphere.

Many of the component technologies required for the “safer fossil” option have already been developed and are in various stages of commercial readiness: About 1% of U.S. primary energy production is converted to hydrogen for industrial chemical use, especially in refineries and ammonia plants. Significant amounts of hydrogen are piped and trucked hundreds of miles.

Prototype buses and automobiles using hydrogen as a fuel are being tested. The development of hydrogen as a fuel is being spurred by the hydrogen fuel cell, an attractive emerging technology that has the potential to eliminate nearly all local air pollutant emissions and to improve vehicle fuel efficiency dramatically. Limited quantities of carbon dioxide are currently routinely transported hundreds of miles through long-distance pipelines and pumped deep underground, principally to enhance the recovery of oil. Since 1996, Statoil, the largest Norwegian oil and gas company, has been separating carbon dioxide from offshore natural gas and sequestering it in a deep nearby aquifer for the explicit purpose of preventing atmospheric emissions. Confronted with an extension of Norway’s tax on atmospheric releases of carbon dioxide to offshore oil and gas processing, Statoil is developing new technology and learning how to reduce costs. Research on fuels decarbonization and carbon sequestration is already internationally coordinated. The total global effort is small, and the U.S. role is relatively small within it. Many new ideas deserve attention. Not only conventional natural gas but also coal, heavy oils, unconventional hydrocarbon fuels, biomass, and municipal wastes are potential feedstocks for hydrogen production. Methanol, ethanol, and methane are candidates for alternative “hydrogen-rich” secondary fuels when the decarbonized primary fuel is coal. The costs of fuels decarbonization may become less sensitive to scale. Slurries of carbon dioxide clathrates (ice crystals with carbon dioxide locked within them under pressure) may lead to less costly separation of carbon dioxide from other gases and less costly pipeline transport. Forms of sequestered carbon other than carbon dioxide may include carbonate rocks and elemental carbon.

The least costly first steps toward fuels decarbonization and carbon sequestration will probably involve industrial-scale production of hydrogen from natural gas and sequestration of the byproduct carbon dioxide. From this perspective, it may be productive to conduct a few pilot projects soon, involving the nearby sequestration of carbon dioxide point sources associated with industrial-scale hydrogen production at ammonia plants and oil refineries. In parallel, research can be conducted pertaining to what will probably be later stages of fuels decarbonization, where the fuel being decarbonized is other than natural gas, the hydrogen is supplied at a small scale to many dispersed users, or both. Note that, in addition to industrial carbon sequestration (the subject of this report) there is a second kind of carbon sequestration, accomplished by green plants. Those human actions that enhance carbon sequestration by green plants are quite different from the actions required to sequester carbon directly in an industrial setting. Industrial carbon sequestration generally starts with carbon that is hundreds of times more concentrated than in the atmosphere. Deliberately pursuing carbon sequestration by green plants is important in its own right as a climate change mitigation strategy, but quite distinct.

It would be a great mistake to allow the preliminary attractiveness of the concept of safer fossil energy to crowd out the essential work now underway dedicated to developing complementary routes to the world’s future energy system. No single technological approach, on its own, can do the full job of safely providing the energy needed for the next century— not renewable energy, not energy efficiency, not nuclear fission, not nuclear fusion, and not decarbonized fuels with carbon sequestration. The energy-environment challenge demands parallel work along many tracks at once. Only a broadly based effort can be defended.
THE WORKSHOP AND THIS REPORT

A workshop, “Technological Opportunities for Fuels Decarbonization and Carbon Sequestration,” was held in Washington, D.C., on July 28-29, 1997. Its goal was “to expand the set of greenhouse-gas technology options through a coordinated university/industry/laboratory program in fuels decarbonization and carbon sequestration.” Its three purposes were:
• To assess the assumptions and results of existing integrative studies of greenhouse-gas mitigation achieved through the use of decarbonized fuels and carbon sequestration.
• To review the relevant studies on (a) conversion of carbonaceous feedstocks to hydrogen and alternative fuels, (b) carbon sequestration and utilization, and (c) fuels management and use.
• To identify opportunities for research and development.

[America2]

FYI - here's the Superbowl Steve thread from 2 years ago...

http://forum.prisonplanet.com/index.php?topic=102794.0

Where he talks about all this is at the 35:00 or so mark.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wl_iVvACAdU&eurl

Did anyone see the few John McGowan youtube videos interviewing this "superbowl steve"? OK - here goes - this "superbowl steve" met some guy who was (supposedly)part of the Illuminati. Some of the things he's said to him last year in May 2008...Go to the 34:00 mark...

1) Back in 1988, a black man was being groomed to be President one day.

2) Pittsburgh would be the new capital of the NWO one day.(I believe he said this in a previous video, not this one)

3) The bird flu would be released to reduce the world's population shortly after Obama takes office.

4) He predicted 3 of the Pennsylvania teams would win championships.

5) He predicted CORRECTLY that the Phillies would win the World Series.

6) He came up short with his Penguins winning the Stanley Cup - but to be fair, both them AND the Flyers went deep(and the Penguins are the favorites to win the Cup this year).

7) He predicted CORRECTLY that the Steelers would be playing in that Super Bowl.

The last Super Bowl game wouldn't conclude b/c nukes would be off - this predix was off, but to be fair, in Pitt's previous Super Bowl in Detroit, security came in to disarm.

With all due respect, he was wrong about a few things(i.e. the Cowboys would be the Steelers' opponent-they didn't even make the playoffs, we would be at war with Iran/Venezuela shortly before/after). But nonetheless - his correct prediction on some pandemic flu being released upon the PA sports teams winning all these championships is eyepopping.

FYI - Steelers owner Dan Rooney is Knights of Malta - he was also appointed by Obama to be ambassador to Ireland recently.

[Kilgore Trout]

my local news said the fish died because they forgot to "swim south for the winter"....

[citizenx]

Ha Ha!

Stupid fish.

 

[GH0STMASTER]

something interesting

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPToDj16Xx0
Mass Killing of Birds in Scene of 'FlashForward' on ABC October 8 2009 Showing Strange Device

[Letsbereal]

40,000 'devil' crabs wash up on Kent coast after dying from hypothermia in freezing sea
5 January 2011, (Daily Mail)
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1344242/40-000-devil-crabs-washed-British-beach-freezing-conditions-hypothermia.html